Forestry


Forestry
BSA Supply No. 35901

In working through the Forestry merit badge requirements, Scouts will explore the remarkable complexity of a forest and identify many species of trees and plants and the roles they play in a forest's life cycle.They will also discover some of the resources forests provide to humans and come to understand that people have a very large part to play in sustaining the health of forests.

Requirements

  1. Prepare a field notebook, make a collection, and identify 15 species of trees, wild shrubs, or vines in a local forested area. Write a description in which you identify and discuss the following:
    1. The characteristics of leaf, twig, cone, or fruiting bodies
    2. The habitat in which these trees, shrubs, or vines are found
    3. The important ways each tree, shrub, or vine is used by humans or wildlife and whether the species is native or was introduced to the area. If it is not native, explain whether it is considered invasive or potentially invasive.
  2. Do ONE of the following:
    1. Collect and identify wood samples of 10 species of trees. List several ways the wood of each species can be used.
    2. Find and examine three stumps, logs, or core samples that show variations in the growth rate of their ring patterns. In the field notebook you prepared for requirement 1, describe the location or origin of each example (including elevation, aspect, slope, and the position on the slope), and discuss possible reasons for the variations in growth rate. Photograph or sketch each example.
    3. Find and examine two types of animal, insect, or damage on trees. In the field notebook you prepared for requirement 1, identify the damage, explain how the damage was caused, and describe the effects of the damage on the trees. Photograph or sketch each example.
  3. Do the following:
    1. Describe the contributions forests make to:
      1. Our economy in the form of products
      2. Our social well-being, including recreation
      3. Soil protection and increased fertility
      4. Clean water
      5. Clean air (carbon cycling, sequestration)
      6. Wildlife habitat
      7. Fisheries habitat
      8. Threatened and endangered species of plants and animals
    2. Tell which watershed or other source your community relies on for its water supply.
  4. Describe what forest management means, including the following:
    1. Multiple-use management
    2. Sustainable forest management
    3. Even-aged and uneven-aged management and the silvicultural systems associated with each
    4. Intermediate cuttings
    5. The role of prescribed burning and related forest-management practices
  5. With your parent's and counselor's approval, do ONE of the following:
    1. Visit a managed public or private forest area with the manager or a forester who is familiar with it. Write a brief report describing the type of forest, the management objectives, and the forestry techniques used to achieve the objectives.
    2. With a knowledgeable individual, visit a logging operation or wood-using manufacturing plant. Write a brief report describing the following:
      1. The species and size of trees being harvested or used and the location of the harvest area or manufacturer
      2. The origin of the forest or stands of trees being utilized (e.g., planted or natural)
      3. The forest's successional stage. What is its future?
      4. Where the trees are coming from (land ownership) or where they are going (type of mill or processing plant)
      5. The products that are made from the trees
      6. How the products are made and used
      7. How waste materials from the logging operation or manufacturing plant are disposed of or utilize.
    3. Take part in a forest-fire prevention campaign in cooperation with your local fire warden, state wildfire agency, forester, or counselor. Write a brief report describing the campaign, how it will help prevent wildfires, and your part in it.
  6. Do the following:
    1. Describe the consequences to forests that result from FIVE of the following elements: wildfire, absence of fire, insects, tree diseases, air pollution, overgrazing, deer or other wildlife overpopulation, improper harvest, and urbanization.
    2. Explain what can be done to reduce the consequences you discussed in 6a.
    3. Describe what you should do if you discover a forest fire and how a professional firefighting crew might control it. Name your state or local wildfire control agency.
  7. Visit one or more local foresters and write a brief report about the person (or persons). Or, write about a forester's occupation including the education, qualifications, career opportunities, and duties related to forestry.

Resources

Scouting Literature

Environmental Science, Fire Safety, Fish and Wildlife Management, Gardening, Insect Study, Mammal Study, Nature, Plant Science, and Soil and Water Conservation merit badge pamphlets

Books

  • Arno, Jon. Trees. Discovery Books, 2000.
  • Baerg, Harry J. How to Know the Western Trees (Pictured Key Nature Series). W. C. Brown, 1973.
  • Bolgiano, Chris. Living in the Appalachian Forest: True Tales of Sustainable Forestry. Stackpole Books, 2002.
  • Burton, Lawrence D. Introduction to Forestry Science. Delmar Learning, 1998.
  • Cassie, Brian, and Marjorie Burns. National Audubon Society First Field Guide: Trees. Scholastic Inc., 1999.
  • Day, Trevor. Taiga. Raintree Publishers, 2003.
  • Edlin, Herbert L. What Wood Is That: A Manual of Wood Identification. Viking Books, 1998.
  • Kricher, John C. Peterson First Guide to Forests. Houghton Mifflin Company, 1999.
  • Little, Elbert Luther. National Audubon Society Field Guide to Trees: Eastern Region. Knopf, 1980.
  • --------. National Audubon Society Field Guide to Trees: Western Region. Knopf, 1980.
  • Miller, Char, and Rebecca Staebler. The Greatest Good: 100 Years of Forestry in America. Society of American Foresters, 1999.
  • Miller, Howard, et al. How to Know the Trees (Pictured Key Nature Series). McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/ Math, 1978.
  • Petrides, George A. A Field Guide to Eastern Trees. Houghton Mifflin, 1998.
  • --------. A Field Guide to Trees and Shrubs: Field Marks of All Trees, Shrubs, and Woody Vines that Grow Wild in the Northeastern and North-Central United States. Houghton Mifflin, 1973.
  • Raphael, Ray. More Tree Talk: The People, Politics, and Economics of Timber. Island Press, 1994.
  • Staub, Frank J. America's Forests. Lerner Publishing Group, 1998.
  • True, Alianor. Wildfire: A Reader. Island Press. 2001.
  • Wille, Christopher M. Opportunities in Forestry Careers. McGraw-Hill, 1998.

Organizations and Web Sites

American Forest and Paper Association
1111 19th St. NW, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20036
Toll-free telephone: 800-878-8878
Web site: http://www.afandpa.org

American Tree Farm System
1111 19th St. NW, Suite 780
Washington, DC 20036
Telephone: 202-463-2462
Web site: http://www.treefarmsystem.org

eNature.com
Web site: http://www.enature.com

Environmental Protection Agency
Ariel Rios Building
1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW
Mail Code 3213A
Washington, DC 20460
Telephone: 202-272-0167
Web site: http://www.epa.gov

Forest Products Laboratory
U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service
1 Gifford Pinchot Drive
Madison, WI 53726-2398
Telephone: 608-231-9200
Web site: http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us

Identification Keys
Web site: http://www. backyardnature.net/keys.htm

Provides an overview explaining how to use plant identification keys and contains links to several online keys.
National Association of State Foresters
444 N. Capitol St. NW, Suite 540
Washington, DC 20001
Web site: http://www.stateforesters.org

Natural Resources Conservation Service
Attn: Conservation Communications Staff
P.O. Box 2890
Washington, DC 20013
Telephone: 202-720-3210
Web site: http://www.nrcs.usda.gov

Society of American Foresters
5400 Grosvenor Lane
Bethesda, MD 20814-2198
Telephone: 301-897-8720
Web site: http://www.safnet.org

TreeLink
68 East Girard Ave.
Salt Lake City, UT 84103
Telephone: 801-359-1933
Web site: http://www.treelink.org

U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service
1400 Independence Ave. SW
Washington, DC 20250-0003
Telephone: 202-205-8333
Web site: http://www.fs.fed.us